The guy leaves behind “a lot of things disliked and also few loved” (62)
During the time of the new fantastical facts, Federico takes on Ce Goffic’s term when you look at the a quote to store brand new flick he had been dealing with during the time of their untimely dying. That it transformation, described as “duplication,” try reached courtesy make-up conceived by Ferrati. So successful is this procedure that Federico is proclaimed good “superior Ce Goffic, more artistic, manlier” (39, 40). Whether or not initial pleased together with his this new status, Federico’s masquerade provokes an identity drama. Inside a remarkable moment, the guy accuses Ferrati having zero qualms regarding the “killing myself, in making myself cure my own personal soul, in order to make money” (47).
Fundamentally, Federico was disenchanted because of the their “flapper” girlfriend (exactly who places by herself from the Le Goffic since starred by Federico), by Movie industry, and also by the us. The information of one’s Joined States’ racial hierarchy and you will Hollywood’s fantasy servers defeat their very first interest into “other side.” Armed with a great pocketful of cash conserved playing Ce Goffic, Federico yields so you can Mexico, getting straight back the new “tools” necessary for him to succeed in their homeland-All of us investment-when you are rejecting Us community. Instance Gustavo, Federico try sure within his “tierruca”-“Mexico, their Mexico”-there has to be “one thing to create … with no need out of switching his deal with otherwise altering his spirit” (63). Such Gustavo, Federico along with provides right back with him his “gringo studies,” which you can use from the solution of your patria.
At the same time considered hypersexual and you may effeminate (and often, but not always, homosexual), the guy confronted the idea of virile innovative masculinity
Noriega Hope’s fictional characters Gonzalo and Federico give alternatives towards the unproductive conclusion out of orphaned repatriates. It show a suitable people who implemented men and women regions of You size people that would join the economic and you can personal innovation off Mexico. These people were Gamio’s ideal coming back migrants-guys who had educated brand new “beneficial dictate that your American environment has actually up on their real, mental, and you can moral advancement” however, don’t “find in you to definitely nation a genuine homeland” (Gamio Source Gamio 1930, 176–177).
The fresh fifi
For the Noriega Hope’s short reports, connection with Western culture while in the sojourns in the united states gift ideas a possible crisis which is fixed narratively because of the characters’ go back to Mexico, which have judiciously appropriated Western people and values. However in postrevolutionary Mexico, American society failed to stop at the fresh border. Cultural critics remarked towards the latest models off use, offered chances to be involved in commercial activity like the movies (which in the fresh late youngsters and 1920s required Western clips), and perceptions towards the works and you can relaxation, which were increasingly coded due to the fact coming from the You and you may from the urban gГёr Argentinsk kvinder som hvide fyre lives.
Anxiety about it kind of masculinity even more worried about a separate indication of an urban male sorts of, the fresh fifi, a tag one to started to move from the late young ones. Footnote 18 The definition of may have come from he Maupassant facts “Mademoiselle Fifi” (1882), regarding the a condemned, effeminate Prussian soldier, which had released in the interpretation into the Mexico. Footnote 19 When you look at the 1921 Francisco Javier Santaaria 1921, 176) detailed one to “inside Mexico now we do have the keyword fifi that everyone uses in general … to help you employ new fop [perimetre], dandy [pisaverde], or dapper [man] [almidonado]” (Santamaria. The fresh fifi embodied far you to definitely worried some segments away from Mexican neighborhood throughout the modern lifestyle. His obvious practices and you can effectiveness effective labor defied all exhortations concerning value of thrift and you may world.
In this he’d much in common having previous versions of new dandy in Mexico. From the turn of your century, the sluggish, steeped young men whom visited this new city’s individual clubs, the latest racetrack that had been made in the newest has just create Condesa urban area, plus the city’s poshest streams was basically described as pollos (chicks) otherwise lagartijos (lizards). Its laziness turned the new articles out of sarcastic remarks both in new push and in well-known artwork culture where these people were associated with the early nineteenth-century rates titled currutacos or petimetres, “those with an overstated connection so you’re able to trendy dresses,” on conditions of the Chicano literary college student Guillermo Hernandez ( Source Hernandez 1991, 22). Victor M. Macias-Gonzalez ( Source Macias-Gonzalez, Victor and you may Rubenstein 2012, 13) refers to lagartijos because the “elegant middle-to upper-classification male[s],” just who centered so intently for the entertainment, pleasure, and application that they “blurry traditional gender borders and you may represented an excellent sterile or unproductive-and therefore unmasculine-usage of money.” At that time, these types of urban dandies have been on the a generally kept impression you to elite dudes was dropping irretrievably into “effeminacy and homosexuality” (Macias-Gonzalez and you will Rubenstein Site Macias-Gonzalez and Rubenstein 2012, 10).